Prime Video: The 28 Absolute Best Movies to Watch

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drops a bunch of movies at the beginning of each month, if you’re looking for something new. But it doesn’t have a ton of new weekly releases.

Occasionally, though, an original or a flick from the vault comes knocking and deserves to show up on your radar. Below, you’ll find this month’s highlights and CNET’s full list of best Amazon Prime Video original movies.

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What’s new this week (Aug. 29 to Sept. 4)

Here are the highlights.

Thursday

  • Skyfall (2012): Spy flick starring Daniel Craig. James Bond investigates an attack on MI6.
  • Fight Club (1999): Thriller starring Brad Pitt. Two young professionals create an underground club where men can compete in hand-to-hand combat.

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Best Amazon Prime Video original films

At time of writing, these films all score around 70 or higher on Metacritic.

Comedy

Amazon Studios

Late Night (2019)

Written by and starring Mindy Kaling, nfl jersey Late Night follows an acclaimed news show host whose ratings are on the decline. She hires a female, Indian-American writer to shake up her white-male writer’s room. Never preachy, while making an argument for transforming Emma Thompson into a real-life talk show host, Late Night is lively comedy with hints of The Devil Wears Prada. That alone should be a solid reason to watch it.

Amazon

Brittany Runs a Marathon (2019)

An enjoyable comedy, yes, but Brittany Runs a Marathon also hits close to home, focusing on the things we’re all obsessed with: food, body image and exercise. Brittany, played by the effortlessly relatable Jillian Bell, receives strong advice from her doctor to lose weight and cut the hard-partying lifestyle. She starts running, taking all the tough steps toward the life-changing finish line. Watch it from your couch, then be inspired to head outside for a jog.

Amazon Studios

Get Duked! (2019)

A teen comedy-horror-thriller with a dash of social commentary. What a combo! Get Duked! follows three slacker students, one nerd and their mundane teacher as they head to the Scottish Highlands to attempt to win an award involving navigating the area using just a paper map. Everything becomes a little more thrilling when the four teens end up fending for themselves against murderous hunter the Duke, played by the brilliant Eddie Izzard. The whole young ensemble is fantastic, playing with a tight script crackling with banter. Boy Scouts meets Attack the Block, Get Duked! is chaos walking, cussing and eating questionable local flora.

Thriller

Amazon Studios

Blow the Man Down (2019)

The Coen Brothers meet Wes Anderson in this black comedy thriller steered by two brilliant young female leads. Set in a snowy fishing town in Maine, Blow the Man Down follows sisters, played by Morgan Saylor and Sophie Lowe, who try to hide the body of a man after he attacked one of them and she fought back. While on their crime caper, they find themselves digging up the town matriarchs’ dark secrets, spinning this into a noir mystery. It’s as wonderful as it sounds.

Prime Video

Emergency (2022)

At the start of this comedy-thriller, we learn that college seniors and best friends Kunle and Sean plan to become the first Black men to complete a “legendary tour,” a feat that involves fraternity party-hopping on an epic scale. But when the students find a young white woman passed out on the floor in their home, the night spirals into something else entirely. The film, which mixes comedy and social commentary, is at times tense and harrowing. A significant part is the bond between Kunle and Sean, played by an excellent RJ Cyler and Donald Elise Watkins.

Amazon Studios

You Were Never Really Here (2017)

A psychological thriller starring a pre-Joker Joaquin Phoenix? Yeah, more people need to watch You Were Never Really Here. Lynne Ramsay’s masterful take on a story about a hitman who’s hired to rescue a politician’s daughter from a human trafficking network, is stark, brutal and mercifully straight to the point, running at a taut 90 minutes. With Phoenix doing his brilliant committed actor thing, You Were Never Really Here is more than your average thriller.

Amazon Prime Video

The Mad Women’s Ball (2021)

Mélanie Laurent directs, co-writes and stars in this emotional French thriller set in the late 19th century. Laurent is Geneviève, a nurse who attempts to free Eugénie (Lou de Laâge), a woman committed to a mental asylum when her family learns she communicates with spirits. Carried by outstanding performances from its two leads, The Mad Women’s Ball poignantly sweeps the inequities of the era into its disturbing melodrama. An accomplished watch.

Amazon Studios

The Handmaiden (2016)

Even if you’ve heard good things about The Handmaiden, nothing can prepare you for the insane twists this exquisite South Korean movie takes. Classed as an erotic psychological thriller, The Handmaiden contains explicit scenes you should probably avoid watching with parents around. It all kicks off with a con man wooing a Japanese heiress with the intention of committing her to an asylum once they’re married. But his pickpocket partner who poses as her maid strays from the plan. If you’ve been getting into South Korean films thanks to Parasite, this is a must watch.

Drama

Amazon Studios

Cold War (2018)

Following lovers from different backgrounds and temperaments, Pawel Pawlikowski’s historical drama is set in a ravaged, post-World War II Poland. Zula is an ambitious young singer faking a peasant identity, while Wiktor is a jazz musician holding auditions for a state-sponsored folk music ensemble. The politics are handled elegantly and the black-and-white visuals are precise and beautiful. For an 88-minute treat of a sumptuous, passionate, almost impossible love story, look no further than Cold War.

Amazon Studios

King Lear (2018)

King Lear is, of course, an adaptation of the Shakespeare play, but two powerful forces help this one stand out: Anthony Hopkins and Black Widow scene stealer Florence Pugh. Not to mention Emma Thompson! This adaptation is set in an alternative universe during the 21st century, where London is under strict military control. Lear is ready to divide his kingdom among his three daughters, but not all of them are accepting. If you’re OK with the Shakespearean dialogue, then simply sit back and marvel at Hopkins and a stacked ensemble cast, including Emily Watson, Jim Broadbent and Andrew Scott.

Amazon Studios

Pass Over (2018)

Before we jump into this Spike Lee film, note that it’s technically a recorded stage play. And yet somehow it captures cinematic magic, thanks in large part to the engaging performances from Jon Michael Hill and Julian Parker. They play two young men dreaming of the promised land ncaa jerseys from their fixed spot on the sidewalk. Educational, moving, funny and surprising, Pass Over will keep you on your toes more than you think.

Amazon Studios

Manchester by the Sea (2016)

Prepare for Amazon’s first big, prestigious movie to wallop you in the chest. A broken man who’s experienced terrible losses becomes the guardian of his teenage nephew. Lee Chandler’s story will hit you with punch after emotional punch, as will the immense performances from the likes of Michelle Williams. Another accomplishment from Kenneth Lonergan, Manchester by the Sea is full-bodied, unforgettable storytelling.

Screenshot by CNET

Brad’s Status (2017)

Ben Stiller stars in this comedy-drama as Brad, a 47-year-old man who’s plagued by thoughts of comparison and self-doubt. He has a cozy life with a nonprofit job, a loving wife (Jenna Fischer) and a talented son who’s gearing up to attend college (Austin Abrams), but he still compares himself to old friends who wound up in glitzy and lucrative professions. This introspective film is deeply interesting, and Stiller perfectly embodies the unflattering, often cringey role of a protagonist obsessed with paths not taken.

Screenshot by CNET

Wonderstruck (2017)

Adapted from a young adult novel by Brian Selznick (who also wrote The Invention of Hugo Cabret), this film shifts between bold color and black and white to tell a story about two children who are living in different time periods but going about similar journeys. One is newly orphaned Ben, who, after losing his mother (Michelle Williams), seeks out his missing father in 1977. The other is Rose, who’s tracking down a silent film star (Julianne Moore) 50 years earlier. Separated by time, their paths intersect in New York City. Coming from director Todd Haynes, this family-friendly film packs in adventure and childlike wonder.

Amazon Studios

Sound of Metal (2019)

Sound of Metal scored a bunch of Oscar nominations, including best picture and best actor for the outstanding Riz Ahmed. (It won in two categories: best sound and best film editing.) He plays Ruben, a punk-metal drummer who unfortunately starts to lose his hearing. As well as struggling with a drug addiction, Ruben is forced to settle into his new life in the deaf community and to learn American Sign Language. The film’s stunning sound design immerses you in Ruben’s suspenseful story and the experiences of those around him.

Amazon

Small Axe (2020)

A sublime anthology that doesn’t drop the ball across its five films. Small Axe is a collection of distinct stories about the lives of West Indian immigrants in London from the ’60s to the ’80s. They’re all directed by Steve McQueen, who’s working at his exquisite best (when doesn’t he?), crafting stories such as courtroom drama Mangrove, based on the 1971 trial of the Mangrove Nine and starring Black Panther’s Letitia Wright. Take a seat and devour this massive achievement.

Amazon Studios

Honey Boy (2019)

Shia LaBeouf wrote the screenplay for this autobiographical movie about a child actor and his relationship with his father. We follow Otis, who’s traumatized after days on set accompanied by his father, a former rodeo clown. LaBeouf actually plays the character inspired by his father, giving Honey Boy even more psychological layers. This is fascinating, cinematic therapy from a singular perspective.

Amazon Studios

One Night in Miami (2020)

If you still haven’t seen One Night in Miami, this is a sign to clear your schedule. The Oscar-nominated drama offers a fictionalized take on a real-life meeting that took place between Malcolm X, Sam Cooke, Muhammad Ali and Jim Brown in 1964. Each of its four lead actors shine, and when they eventually convene for the film’s titular night, their imagined conversations and debate feel real. A lively and thought-provoking film that’s strengthened by scenes between Leslie Odom Jr. and Kingsley Ben-Adir.

Amazon

Selah and the Spades (2019)

If you’re into the dark-things-happen-at-boarding-schools genre, then Selah and the Spades might be the subject to sign up for. A senior leads a faction called the Spades who sell drugs to other students. But Selah’s about to graduate, so must find the right candidate to carry on her legacy. Shot beautifully and guided by debut director Tayarisha Poe’s unique lens, this is a taste of even greater things to come.

Amazon Studios

Paterson (2016)

In trademark Jim Jarmusch style, this low-key indie narrows in on the finer details of regular life with a distinct sense of humor. Spanning one week, Paterson follows a bus driver and poet named Paterson who listens to passengers talking, takes his dog for walks and stops for beers at his local bar. Adam Driver alone makes all that endlessly watchable. Dotted with the idiosyncratic characters living in a New Jersey town, Paterson offers a wise take on life, delving into personal setbacks and the new paths weaved around them.

Documentary

Prime Video

Lucy and Desi (2022)

Do you love Lucy? How about insightful, nostalgic documentaries? If so, you’ll need to engage with this Amy Poehler-directed examination into the lives of Lucille Ball and Desi Arnaz. The feel-good doc draws on home movies and audio provided by Ball and Arnaz’s daughter, Lucie Arnaz, and charts everything that led up to the pair’s iconic run in the ’50s sitcom I Love Lucy. When you’ve wrapped up, a fictional film about the stars, “Being the Ricardos,” is also on Prime Video.

Video screenshot/CNET

Time (2020)

Mother, activist and entrepreneur Fox Rich is at the center of this Oscar-nominated documentary that explores the impact of incarceration on a family. Early in the film, we learn that Fox’s husband, Robert, has been in prison for 20 years for a robbery he and Fox committed in a moment of desperation in 1997. Home videos and present-day footage are weaved together to convey the passage of time over two decades. It’s a visually stunning film with powerful messages about the American criminal justice system. 

My Name Is Pauli Murray (2021)

This 90-minute documentary provides vital context into the life of Pauli Murray, a gender nonconforming lawyer, poet and civil rights activist who was ahead of her time yet remains overlooked by history. Murray advocated for race and gender equality, and her ideas would later influence Supreme Court Justices Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Thurgood Marshall. Directed by Betsy West and Julie Cohen (RGB, Julia), this thorough and thought-provoking film presents Murray’s many accomplishments and indelible impact.

Video screenshot/CNET

Gleason (2016)

In 2011, three years after he retired from the NFL, former New Orleans Saints player Steve Gleason was diagnosed with the nervous system disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, also known as Lou Gehrig’s disease. This emotional film documents Gleason’s battle with ALS. Told in large part through videos he recorded himself, Gleason’s story involves his loving wife, Michel, and his newborn son, Rivers. It’s an eye-opening look at how devastating ALS can be. If you have a Prime Video subscription, Gleason is a must-see. 

Adventure

Amazon Studios

The Lost City of Z (2016)

Based on the life of British adventurer Percy Fawcett, The Lost City of Z drops you into the Amazon rainforest on the search for an ancient lost city. If that setup for adventure isn’t enticing enough, the movie stars Charlie Hunnam, Robert Pattinson and Tom Holland… with a mustache. A beautiful, grandiose film put together with great care, The Lost City of Z might move slower than you think, but that only enhances its fascinating psychological layers.

Sci-fi

Amazon Studios

The Vast of Night (2019)

The Vast of Night is a curious indie sci-fi flick from debut director Andrew Patterson that plays with narrative in clever ways. Long, sweeping shots carry us after two young radio workers who investigate an audio frequency they think could be traced to aliens. The distinctive 1950s New Mexico setting, and characters delivering monologues with the smooth intonations of those on radio, all build an eerie atmosphere with satisfying payoff.

Romance

Amazon

Sylvie’s Love (2020)

While Sylvie’s Love is, at its core, an old-fashioned love story, its dewy romance is remarkably refreshing: a period drama centered on Black people that isn’t dominated by issues of race and bigotry. Set in an aesthetically enchanting ’60s New York City, it follows Sylvie and Robert, who have a chance to reconnect after a summer romance five years earlier. Both work in music, and the film’s soundtrack, featuring Sam Cooke, Jackie Wilson and more, helps transport you to this glowing place.

Amazon

The Big Sick (2017)

The Big Sick introduced the world to Kumail Nanjiani, who co-wrote the movie based on his real-life romance with partner Emily V. Gordon. After the pair go on a few promising dates, Emily inexplicably falls ill and must be placed in an induced coma. While Kumail gets to know her worried parents at the hospital, his own Pakistani family keeps arranging dates for him with other women. Not only ripe for cultural comedy setups, The Big Sick is also a down-to-earth and heartfelt story of an interracial couple.

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Crypto Crash Continues as Lender Voyager Digital Files for Bankruptcy

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The cold winds of crypto winter keep blowing. On Tuesday, cryptocurrency lender Voyager Digital , becoming the latest crypto company to falter since the market began to crash in April. A buying, trading and lending platform, Voyager Digital is estimated to have between $1 billion and $10 billion in both assets and mlb jersey liabilities.

Voyager Digital CEO Stephen Ehrlich said in the filing that the company’s bad financial state was caused by two issues. First, high inflation and rising interest rates , with bitcoin down 60% from its all-time-high in 2021. Second, Three Arrows Capital, a crypto hedge fund, defaulted on a $650 million loan issued by Voyager in March. 

It’s an example of the contagion effect that’s helped drive down crypto in recent months. The contagion began with Luna, a . That crash wiped around $14 billion from the market, inflicting huge losses on firms holding TerraUSD and Luna. Singapore-based Three Arrows Capital . The hedge fund filed for Charter 15 bankruptcy last week — just days after Voyager Digital issued a notice of default on the $650 million it had loaned 3AC.

The past few weeks have seen Peter Thiel-backed crypto lender Vauld , crypto broker Genesis lose hundreds of millions due to the bankruptcy of 3AC, and news that a Korean investment fund lost . 

Three Arrows Capital managed a fund estimated to be worth $10 billion back in March, . Three Arrows Capital was contacted for comment but did not immediately respond. 

While 3AC is in the , Voyager Digital’s leaders hope the bankruptcy filing is the first part of a turnaround. Chapter 11 bankruptcy procedures allow companies to plan restructures and turnaround strategies while protecting them from civil litigation. New mlb jersey-based Voyager Digital was listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange before trading of its stocks were suspended following the bankruptcy filing. 

“This is not a ‘free-fall’ filing without direction,” the filing reads. “On the contrary, Voyager has a path forward and a plan to swiftly bring these chapter 11 cases to an appropriate conclusion.” A plan , subject to change and pending court approval, would see Voyager customers with crypto in their wallets recieve proceeds from 3AC’s ecovery, shares in the reorganized Voyager Digital company, as well as Voyager crypto tokens.

Voyager Digital’s bankruptcy filing comes days after it suspended withdrawals and trading on its platform last Friday. 

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What Is Juneteenth, the Newest Federal Holiday?

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is today, and 2022 marks the second year it’s been an official federal holiday. President Joe Biden signed the last year, making it the first new federal holiday since Martin Luther King Jr. Day was added in . 

A portmanteau of the date it’s celebrated, Juneteenth commemorates the freedom of enslaved Black people in the US. It’s also known as Freedom Day or Jubilee Day.

“The emancipation of enslaved Black Americans didn’t mark the end of America’s work to deliver on the promise of equality; it only marked the beginning,” just before signing the Juneteenth holiday into law. “To honor the true meaning of Juneteenth, we have to continue toward that promise because we’ve not gotten there yet.”

The observation of Juneteenth stretches back to 1865, but the holiday gained significant national attention in 2020, after the deaths of , , ,  and others sparked  against police brutality and systematic violence aimed at Black Americans.

Here’s what to know about Juneteenth, including the history of the day, how and when it’s observed, how you can celebrate and which states have made it a public holiday.

Educate yourself and reflect: While slavery ended in 1865, racism persists in countless institutions. Use June 19 as a day to reflect on critical issues that perpetuate discrimination against Black people in America and around the world. Spend the day reading about Juneteenth’s history, including how Black families felt after being emancipated. Watch the , or engage with other  that can help reveal real-world, present-day issues. 

Watch online Juneteenth events: Tune in virtually to the or and find a listing of local events where you live.

Place a sign in your front yard: Raise awareness and show your support for Juneteenth by decorating a sign for your front yard or door. This is a great way to help educate younger kids in your neighborhood who may not know about the holiday.

Celebrate with a barbecue or family meal: Gather your family together to celebrate freedom. Since the pandemic is still a serious concern, make sure you’re following your state’s guidelines for indoor group gatherings (here are the ). If you’re celebrating indoors, we recommend opening windows for ventilation.

Juneteenth only comes once a year, but there are more ways you can help your community all year long — for instance, .

In which states is Juneteenth a paid holiday?

While many states celebrate Juneteenth as a holiday, these are the states that observe it as a paid holiday. Note that many cities in the states not listed also recognize it as a paid holiday.

  • Illinois
  • Louisiana
  • Maine
  • Massachusetts
  • Michigan
  • New Jersey
  • New York
  • Oregon
  • Pennsylvania
  • Texas
  • Virginia
  • Washington

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From Setting Taxes to Regulating Voting, State Legislatures Make Laws That Affect You

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What’s happening

Each of the 50 states has its own legislature with its own rules, procedures and priorities, and they determine everything from tax rates to criminal law to how you can vote.

Why it matters

What happens in state legislatures isn’t just relevant to state residents — it often has effects that ripple nationwide, including on highly contentious issues.

Congress grabs much of the spotlight in political news coverage, and there are good reasons for that. From to passing the federal budget, it considers hugely important matters. But the Senate and House of Representatives aren’t the only elected bodies in the US making big decisions. tackle issues that directly affect your life, often considering even more critical topics than what comes out of Washington, DC. 

CNET

Remember that under the to the US Constitution, powers not delegated to Congress are reserved to the states. Legislatures determine tax rates, decide how and when you can vote, establish family and criminal law, make zoning and workplace regulations, choose presidential electors and a lot more. They also regularly delve into hotly contentious issues like , and . And whatever they’re considering, legislatures typically and with more fervor than Congress can ever muster (one reason they move faster is that ).

But just as the 50 states vary widely in culture, geography and history, the 50 legislatures differ sharply from each other in their structure, schedule and scope. From Alaska to Florida and everywhere in between, here’s an overview of the state legislatures and what you need to know about how they operate. 

Looking up at the interior of the California State Capitol rotunda

The rotunda of the California State Capitol in Sacramento.

Kent German/CNET

Who are my state reps?

You can find your state representatives either through or through a third-party group like . And it’s important you do so. You can keep tabs on how your members vote, and you can contact them when you have something to say. Not only that, but politicians often use a as a launching pad for higher office, whether it’s the governor’s mansion, Congress or even (eventually) the White House.

When they meet and how often

All state legislatures , with four exceptions. Montana, Nevada, North Dakota and Texas, the nation’s second most populous state, , meet only in odd-numbered years.

When legislatures do meet, the varies widely across the map. Thirty-nine states , usually through the state constitution. That means they must adjourn either after a certain length of time, like in 2022, or on a specific date. But whatever the method, most states in this group commence their sessions in early January, similar to the US Congress, and wrap up by June.

Exceptions abound, though. , and (to name a few) can start as late as February or March. Lawmakers in and may meet as late as November depending on the year.

The remaining states, including Illinois, Michigan, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania and Wisconsin, do not have fixed length, instead meeting periodically throughout the year.

California State Assembly meeting chamber

The green color of the California State Assembly Meeting Chamber is based on the UK’s House of Commons.

Kent German/CNET

But then are special sessions

Outside of the regular sessions, legislatures may meet for . They’re held for a variety of reasons, such as the decennial of state and federal legislative boundaries, settling the state budget or finishing outstanding business left over from when the regular session ended. Special sessions may also convene to address a specific issue, such as met to debate, and eventually legalize, marriage equality in the Aloha State.

In 36 states, either the governor or the legislature itself can convene a special session. But in Alabama, Arkansas, California, Idaho, Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, North Dakota, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Texas and Vermont only the governor may call one.

California State Senate meeting chamber

The Senate’s red is based on the UK’s House of Lords.

James Martin/CNET

A full-time job?

While being a member of Congress is a full-time job, in most states being a legislator is not. And here again it can get complicated. The National Conference of State Legislatures, a nonpartisan advocacy group that represents state and territorial legislatures at the federal level, .

In “green” states, the NCSL says, lawmakers earn enough (an average of $82,000 per year) so that they may not need outside employment. They typically have a large staff, as well, and spend enough of their time (at least 84%) on legislative activities, whether it’s in session or in committee work at the state capital, constituent services in their home districts or campaigning. States in the group either have large populations, their members meet for longer periods or their legislative districts are large or geographically dispersed. Green states include , California, Hawaii, Illinois, Massachusetts, Michigan, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania and Wisconsin.

Members in “gold” states spend half of their time on legislative duties and need another job since their pay is quite low (an average of $18,000 per year). Most of the states in this group are rural or sparsely populated. The list includes Idaho, Kansas, Maine, Mississippi, Montana, New Hampshire, New Mexico, North Dakota, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Utah, Vermont, West Virginia and Wyoming. These states are said to have “citizen legislatures.”

If your state isn’t listed above, it’s in the NCSL’s hybrid “gray” group. Representatives spend about 75% of their time on the job and make an average of $41,100 per year, which usually isn’t enough to live off, depending on the person. They employ more staff than in gold states, but less than in green states.

The Louisiana State Capitol in Baton Rouge

The Louisiana State Capitol in Baton Rouge is the tallest in the country. It’s also one of the few state capitols without a dome.

Louisiana Office of Tourism

How much they’re paid

This isn’t an easy topic to boil down to a few paragraphs, so I’ll stick (thank you, again, NCSL).

Every state but pays their lawmakers a salary. Most are paid on an annual basis, but a few, including Kansas, Nevada, Vermont and North Dakota, pay by the month, week or each day the legislature meets. Maine takes a different route by paying a fixed amount for the entire session. Of the states with a salary, California pays the most ($115,000 per year), and New Hampshire pays the least ($100 per year).

Legislators in all states are compensated for to and from their districts and most can claim a for meals and lodging for when staying in the state capitol. Connecticut, Delaware, New Hampshire, New nfl jersey and Rhode Island do not pay a per diem. All states but Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Delaware, Georgia, Indiana, Mississippi, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Mexico, Ohio, Rhode Islands, South Dakota, Utah, Vermont, and West Virginia allocate additional money for hiring a staff and maintaining office space.

Nebraska State Legislature meeting chamber

Nebraska’s unicameral state legislature meets in this chamber in the capitol in Lincoln. 

Nebraska State Legislature

How many members

Nebraska , with just 49 members. But Nebraska is also the only state with a , meaning that it has only one house (an arrangement common in of Canadian provinces). Nebraska dissolved its lower chamber, the House of Representatives, in 1937. All members are called “senators.”

The smallest bicameral legislature is Alaska, with 40 members in the House of Representatives and 20 in the Senate. The largest legislature is little New Hampshire. With only , the country’s 41st most populous state, it elects 24 senators and 400 representatives. The lower house is the in the world after the US House of Representatives and 650-member UK . Minnesota’s legislature has 201 members, but it also has the country’s largest upper house with 67 senators.

Though it’s the most populous state, with , California’s legislature ranks only 35th in size, with 80 members in the Assembly and 40 in the Senate. That means the Golden State’s lawmakers also represent the most people . California’s senators represent an average of 988,456 constituents, each while assembly members represent an average of 494,228 each.

Not surprisingly, New Hampshire’s residents get the most say in their lower house. Each representative speaks for just 3,444 people. But it’s North Dakota’s senators that represent the fewest people with an average of 16,576 constituents each.

While the majority of states elect one member per legislative district for both houses, four states — Washington, Arizona, South Dakota and New mlb jersey — use .

The Texas State Capitol in Austin

The Texas State Capitol is the largest in the country. Its dome is higher than the US Capitol.

Texas State Preservation Board

Term length and limits

Like the US House of Representatives, most states to two-year terms. Alabama, Louisiana, Maryland and Mississippi stand out from the pack by having four-year terms.

Most state senators are elected for four-year terms. The exceptions are Arizona, Connecticut, Georgia, Idaho, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, North Carolina, Rhode Island, South Dakota and Vermont, which have two-year terms.

Just , which typically are between eight and 12 years. They are Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Florida, Louisiana, Maine, Michigan, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, Oklahoma, Ohio and South Dakota. 

The Vermont State Capitol in Montpelier

Vermont’s state capitol is one of the nation’s smallest.

DeAgostini/Getty Images

Who’s in your statehouse?

Currently the Republican Party in 30 states, and the Democratic Party has the majority in both houses of 17 states. In Minnesota and Virginia, party control is split between the two chambers. Though Nebraska’s legislature , senators belonging to the Republican party make up the majority there. 

The partisan gap is narrower, though, when you look at the total number of legislators in the country. Of 7,383 state lawmakers nationwide 54% are Republicans, 45% are Democrats and the rest are either independent or belong to another political party. 

Men , with women making up 31% of legislators. Nevada is the only state with (61%), while West Virginia has the fewest women members (12%). 

What’s in a name?

The of the legislative branch in most states is either the State Legislature or the General Assembly. Massachusetts and New Hampshire go old school by calling their bodies the , a term left over from the colonial period. 

The lower house in most states is called the House of Representatives. California, Nevada, New Jersey and New York call their lower houses the State Assembly, while Maryland, Virginia and West Virginia use the term House of Delegates.

The Maryland State House in Annapolis

Built in 1772, the Maryland State House in Annapolis is the oldest state capitol in continuous use.

Visit Annapolis

Places where they meet

Though of the 50 , the buildings’ architectural styles are as the states they represent. A few, such as ,  and , have neoclassical designs like the , but other styles include (Kansas), (Kentucky), (Texas), (Vermont) and (Connecticut). Maryland’s Georgian stands out by having a tower with an octagonal dome. 

Delaware’s colonial revival occupies sort of a middle ground by being topped with a with a small dome at its very tip. Likewise, l, which is a mix of Art Deco, Neo-Byzantine and Gothic Revival styles, has a 400-foot office tower capped by a dome and a statue called . 

The Hawaii State Capitol in Honolulu

The architecture of the Hawaii State Capitol symbolizes everything from the palm trees to the Pacific Ocean.

Kent German/CNET

The legislatures of , , , , , , , , , and do not meet under domes. Tennessee, Oregon and Ohio almost get there with cupolas that are sort of like domes that have been smashed flat. Florida, Louisiana and North Dakota’s capitols are topped by tall towers similar to Nebraska – capitol is even called “The Skyscraper on the Prairie.” 

New York’s Romanesque State Capitol could be the palatial home of a Gilded Age robber baron. Thomas Jefferson designed Virginia’s Palladian State Capitol after the , a Roman temple in Nîmes, France. Compare them with Alaska’s State Capitol, which could be mistaken for the country’s prettiest high school. 

The New Mexico State Capitol in Santa Fe

New Mexico’s state capitol is called “The Roundhouse” for good reason.

Kent German/CNET

Hawaii and New Mexico choose highly symbolic architecture. The Bauhaus-influenced Hawaii State Capitol by a reflecting pool, which represents the Pacific Ocean. The columns symbolize palm trees, and the cone-shaped legislative chambers resemble the volcanoes that formed the Hawaiian islands. New Mexico has the only round state capitol. From the air it’s designed the l, which also adorns the . 

Then there are the states that decided newer was better. Since World War II, lawmakers in , , , and moved from their original (domed) state capitols into modern and relatively bland legislative buildings. The historic buildings now serve as museums or, in , the office of the governor. 

Other state capitol facts:

  • Oldest still in use: Maryland,
  • Newest: Florida,
  • Tallest: Louisiana,
  • Tallest with a dome: Texas, (the US Capitol ) 
  • Largest: , 360,000 square feet
The Legislative Assembly of Puerto Rico in San Juan

The Legislative Assembly of Puerto Rico is the largest territorial legislature.

Getty Images

Don’t forget the territories 

The nation’s territories — Puerto Rico, the US Virgin Islands, the District of Columbia, American Samoa, Guam and the Northern Mariana Islands — also have legislative bodies. A few facts to note:  

  • The unicameral Council of the District of Columbia is the smallest body, with 13 members. Created in 1973 as part of the , it meets all year, functioning like a cross between a city government and a state legislature. The US Constitution gives Congress, however, the power to overrule any legislation the council passes. Congress may also make its own laws for Washington, DC or suspend the council completely.
  • The Legislative Assembly of Puerto Rico (Asamblea Legislativa de Puerto Rico), the American Samoa Fono and the Northern Mariana Islands Commonwealth Legislature are bicameral. The Legislature of Guam (Liheslaturan Guåhan) and the Legislature of the US Virgin Islands are unicameral. 
  • American Samoa’s legislature is the only territorial legislature that’s nonpartisan.
  • Puerto Rico follows a unique political party system. The two largest parties are the Popular Democratic Party (Partido Popular Democrático), which advocates for the island’s current status, and the pro-statehood New Progressive Party (Partido Nuevo Progresista). 
  • Puerto Rico also has the largest territorial legislature, with 78 members, and it’s the only one to meet in .
  • The legislatures of Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, American Samoa and the US Virgin Islands have between 15 and 39 members.

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What Is Juneteenth, the Newest Federal Holiday?

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is today, and 2022 marks the second year it’s been an official federal holiday. President Joe Biden signed the last year, making it the first new federal holiday since Martin Luther King Jr. Day was added in . 

A portmanteau of the date it’s celebrated, Juneteenth commemorates the freedom of enslaved Black people in the US. It’s also known as Freedom Day or Jubilee Day.

“The emancipation of enslaved Black Americans didn’t mark the end of America’s work to deliver on the promise of equality; it only marked the beginning,” just before signing the Juneteenth holiday into law. “To honor the true meaning of Juneteenth, we have to continue toward that promise because we’ve not gotten there yet.”

The observation of Juneteenth stretches back to 1865, but the holiday gained significant national attention in 2020, after the deaths of , , ,  and others sparked  against police brutality and systematic violence aimed at Black Americans.

Here’s what to know about Juneteenth, including the history of the day, how and when it’s observed, how you can celebrate and which states have made it a public holiday.

Educate yourself and reflect: While slavery ended in 1865, football shirt racism persists in countless institutions. Use June 19 as a day to reflect on critical issues that perpetuate discrimination against Black people in America and around the world. Spend the day reading about Juneteenth’s history, including how Black families felt after being emancipated. Watch the , or engage with other  that can help reveal real-world, present-day issues. 

Watch online Juneteenth events: Tune in virtually to the or and football shirt find a listing of local events where you live.

Place a sign in your front yard: Raise awareness and show your support for Juneteenth by decorating a sign for your front yard or door. This is a great way to help educate younger kids in your neighborhood who may not know about the holiday.

Celebrate with a barbecue or family meal: Gather your family together to celebrate freedom. Since the pandemic is still a serious concern, make sure you’re following your state’s guidelines for indoor group gatherings (here are the ). If you’re celebrating indoors, we recommend opening windows for ventilation.

Juneteenth only comes once a year, but there are more ways you can help your community all year long — for instance, .

In which states is Juneteenth a paid holiday?

While many states celebrate Juneteenth as a holiday, these are the states that observe it as a paid holiday. Note that many cities in the states not listed also recognize it as a paid holiday.

  • Illinois
  • Louisiana
  • Maine
  • Massachusetts
  • Michigan
  • New Jersey
  • New York
  • Oregon
  • Pennsylvania
  • Texas
  • Virginia
  • Washington

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